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Low-dose CT for lung cancer screening: opportunities and challenges
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期 页码 116-121 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0600-1
Lung cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death in both males and females. Screening for lung cancer coupled with earlier intervention has long been studied as an approach to mortality reduction. However, minimal progress was achieved until recently, when low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) screening demonstrated a 20% reduction in mortality from lung cancer in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), the National Lung Screening Trial, from the United States. On the basis of this finding, LDCT has been recommended for lung cancer screening in high-risk populations by several clinical guidelines. However, results from the following independent RCTs in Europe failed to show consistent conclusions. In addition, intractable problems gradually emerged with the progress of LDCT screening. This paper summarizes and discusses the main observations and challenges of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Before spreading implementation of LDCT screening, challenges, including high false-positive rates, overdiagnosis, enormous costs, and radiation risk, must be addressed. Complementary biomarkers and technical improvement are expected in the field of lung cancer screening in the near future.
关键词: lung cancer low-dose computerized tomography early detection opportunities challenges
《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1050-6
关键词: pancreatic cancer cancer screening single cell molecular alterations precancerous lesion therapy resistance
Curbing the burden of lung cancer
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期 页码 228-232 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0447-x
Lung cancer contributes substantially to the global burden of disease and healthcare costs. New screening modalities using low-dose computerized tomography are promising tools for early detection leading to curative surgery. However, the screening and follow-up diagnostic procedures of these techniques may be costly. Focusing on prevention is an important factor to reduce the burden of screening, treatment, and lung cancer deaths. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has identified several lung carcinogens, which we believe can be considered actionable when developing prevention strategies. To curb the societal burden of lung cancer, healthcare resources need to be focused on early detection and screening and on mitigating exposure(s) of a person to known lung carcinogens, such as active tobacco smoking, household air pollution (HAP), and outdoor air pollution. Evidence has also suggested that these known lung carcinogens may be associated with genetic predispositions, supporting the hypothesis that lung cancers attributed to differing exposures may have developed from unique underlying genetic mechanisms attributed to the exposure of interest. For instance, smoking-attributed lung cancer involves novel genetic markers of risk compared with HAP-attributed lung cancer. Therefore, genetic risk markers may be used in risk stratification to identify subpopulations that are at a higher risk for developing lung cancer attributed to a given exposure. Such targeted prevention strategies suggest that precision prevention strategies may be possible in the future; however, much work is needed to determine whether these strategies will be viable.
王莹,王小丽,米·斯日尔格楞
《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期 页码 96-98
分析和田地区子宫颈癌检查项目资料,了解当地妇女宫颈癌的发病情况,针对项目工作提出改进措施,提高农村妇女健康水平。本文采用整群抽样的方法,为项目地区的适龄妇女开展子宫颈癌流行病学调查,提供临床检查服务。结果显示,和田地区妇女患病率为49.62 %,宫颈炎和阴道炎是主要的妇科疾病,宫颈癌和癌前病变患病率为0.09 %,早期诊断率为86.05 %。和田地区妇女健康状况较差,当地妇女自我保健意识不高,当地医疗保健机构宫颈癌筛查能力有待提高。
Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 页码 34-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2234-3
关键词: ionic liquid entrainer screening feasibility analysis extractive distillation
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1716-y
● A systematic framework was developed to identify i-PPCPs for landfill leachate.
关键词: Landfill leachates PPCPs Indicator Screening criteria Source-specificity
Chenggang Qiu, Alei Zhang, Sha Tao, Kang Li, Kequan Chen, Pingkai Ouyang
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 页码 793-801 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1876-2
关键词: Bacillus cereus QCG naphthalene 1-naphthol ARTP mutagenesis high-throughput screening 4-aminoantipyrine
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 页码 942-942 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0876-z
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 页码 903-912 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0871-4
关键词: homocysteine hyperhomocysteinemia H-type hypertension Chinese
Screening of potential aquatic probiotics from the major microflora of guppies (
Aparna BALAKRISHNA, T. R. KEERTHI
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期 页码 163-173 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1283-4
关键词: aquaculture normal flora immunomodulatory effect probiotic antagonistic principle bacteriocin like inhibitory substances
Low-k integration: Gas screening for cryogenic etching and plasma damage mitigation
Romain Chanson, Remi Dussart, Thomas Tillocher, P. Lefaucheux, Christian Dussarrat, Jean François de Marneffe
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期 页码 511-516 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1820-5
关键词: low-k nanotechnology micro-electronics cryo-etching plasma processing
Progress and challenges in RET-targeted cancer therapy
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 页码 207-219 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0985-y
关键词: pralsetinib selpercatinib RET-alteration lung cancer thyroid cancer tumor-agnostic therapy drug resistance
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer: complexity and opportunities
Yun Zhang, Robert A. Weinberg
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 361-373 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0656-6
The cell-biological program termed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in both development and cancer progression. Depending on the contextual signals and intracellular gene circuits of a particular cell, this program can drive fully epithelial cells to enter into a series of phenotypic states arrayed along the epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic axis. These cell states display distinctive cellular characteristics, including stemness, invasiveness, drug-resistance and the ability to form metastases at distant organs, and thereby contribute to cancer metastasis and relapse. Currently we still lack a coherent overview of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms inducing cells to enter various states along the epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic spectrum. An improved understanding of the dynamic and plastic nature of the EMT program has the potential to yield novel therapies targeting this cellular program that may aid in the management of high-grade malignancies.
关键词: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition cancer metastasis cancer stem cell
An integrated model for structure optimization and technology screening of urban wastewater systems
Yue HUANG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Jining CHEN
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第6期 页码 1036-1048 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0792-z
关键词: urban wastewater system integrated modeling multi-objective optimization non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II)
使用傅里叶变换红外成像进行高通量筛选 Article
Erdem Sasmaz, Kathleen Mingle, Jochen Lauterbach
《工程(英文)》 2015年 第1卷 第2期 页码 234-242 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015040
组合库的有效平行筛选是高通量(HT) 多相催化工作流中最具挑战性的难题之一。目前,已有包括各种光学、质谱分析以及气相色谱技术在内的大量方法用于高通量催化剂研究。在这些技术中,快速扫描傅里叶变换红外(FTIR) 成像是最快、最通用的筛选技术。本文介绍了16 通道高通量反应器的新设计,并给出了其准确性和重复性试验结果。该系统的性能,通过在不同的还原剂–还原剂摩尔比、表面活性剂类型、金属和表面活性剂浓度、合成温度和升温速率下合成的商用Pd/Al2O3和氧化钴纳米粒子的一氧化碳氧化反应进行评估。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer: insights from epidemiology, genomic alterations, and therapeutic
期刊论文
Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive
期刊论文
Screening of indicator pharmaceuticals and personal care products in landfill leachates: a case study
期刊论文
Combination of ARTP mutagenesis and color-mediated high-throughput screening to enhance 1-naphthol yield
Chenggang Qiu, Alei Zhang, Sha Tao, Kang Li, Kequan Chen, Pingkai Ouyang
期刊论文
Midline2 is overexpressed and a prognostic indicator in human breast cancer and promotes breast cancer
期刊论文
Status of hyperhomocysteinemia in China: results from the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening
期刊论文
Screening of potential aquatic probiotics from the major microflora of guppies (
Aparna BALAKRISHNA, T. R. KEERTHI
期刊论文
Low-k integration: Gas screening for cryogenic etching and plasma damage mitigation
Romain Chanson, Remi Dussart, Thomas Tillocher, P. Lefaucheux, Christian Dussarrat, Jean François de Marneffe
期刊论文
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer: complexity and opportunities
Yun Zhang, Robert A. Weinberg
期刊论文
An integrated model for structure optimization and technology screening of urban wastewater systems
Yue HUANG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Jining CHEN
期刊论文